To force the text to letterspace, replace the word space with a fixed space, such as an en. When a word space appears in a single, force-justified line, InDesign does all the stretching in the word space-the other text retains the spacing specified in your Hyphenation and Justification settings (found in the flyout menu of either the Paragraph or Control palette). Add the Command key to the shortcut for an increment five times as large.)
Whew! ( Tip: To manually kern using keyboard shortcuts, press Option-Right Arrow to increase the kerning in an increment as defined in Preferences>Units & Increments. Place the cursor between it and its visible twin, and manually kern the visible character until it aligns flush right. There, type the last character a second time, select the new character with the Type tool, and in the Toolbox, assign it to have no fill, making it invisible. It won’t work at the right-hand margin either. This won’t work with word spaces, only fixed spaces.
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Ědd a thin space (Shift-Option-Command-M ) at the beginning of the line, place the text cursor between the character and the space, and use manual kerning in the Character palette to nudge the character to align precisely against the text frame’s edge.You have to eyeball this in a zoomed view. Widen the frame of the letterspaced type.To compensate, you have two options, neither of them automatic: Side bearings are slivers of space on the flanks of every character that separate them from each other, and in large point sizes they become very apparent, as shown at the top of Figure 2. When force-justifying display type, remember that the larger the point size, the more the first and last characters’ side bearings will cause the line to appear indented at each end. First, make an educated guess about the size you need, and then use the increase/decrease point size command (Shift-Command-> or or Preferences>Units & Increments, and change the Size/Leading increment to 1 point for finer control. If you need to fill the measure with type, it’s better to do it by varying point size. Such an exception-where variation is the typographic point being made-appears in Figure 1.ĭesigners often erroneously use letterspacing for copyfitting. With rare exceptions, variation in spacing within a text block appears sloppy. If you do wind up with the same number of characters on each line (creating consistent spacing), the characters in succeeding lines will stack one over the other. Īvoid letterspacing more than one line of type, because it’s unlikely that spacing will be consistent from line to line. Normally, tracking adjustments are best made on a whole-paragraph basis. If the last line insists on setting long and creating a widow when you’re tracking the paragraph, tighten tracking for only the last two lines to force it to fit. If you need a perfectly rectangular block of body text, adjust its tracking in the Character palette until the last line is very nearly full, then force-justify the paragraph. Thus letterspacing rule #1: Use it only in display type. In most justified paragraphs, this only affects the last line, whose spacing will be expanded, usually to its detriment. The easiest way is to use your program’s force-justify command, which Adobe programs call “Justify All Lines.” This forces each line in a paragraph to completely fill the measure.
More commonly, though, you’ll letterspace to spread a line of type over a given measure, or line length.
This tedious technique gives you the most control over the spacing of your type. Letterspacing camouflages kerning problems, but it can’t eliminate them. You can then adjust the spacing with manual kerning. (These fixed spaces are located in the Type>Insert White Space menu.) This is the best approach for a logotype, for example, where you have an exact spacing scheme in mind.
The easiest way is simply to add fixed spaces-ems, ens, or thins-between each of the characters. 1 Alas, letterspacing-exaggerated spacing between characters-has become a popular typographic device, so if you choose to face the Wrath of Goudy, you owe it to him to letterspace as well as you can. Letterspacing Is a Popular Visual Trick-but Don’t Fall through the Holesįrederic Goudy, noted American type designer, once said that anyone who would letterspace type would steal sheep.
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